What exactly is Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is a medication belonging to the class of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, also known as incretin mimetics. It is primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes, aid in weight loss, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and kidney-related complications in certain patients.
Key Uses
1. Type 2 Diabetes: Semaglutide helps control blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin secretion, reducing glucagon release, and slowing gastric emptying.
2. Weight Loss: It promotes weight loss by reducing appetite, delaying gastric emptying, and increasing feelings of fullness. It is often prescribed alongside diet and exercise for individuals with obesity or overweight conditions.
3. Cardiovascular and Kidney Risk Reduction: It lowers the risk of heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetes and related conditions
Mechanism of Action
Semaglutide mimics the natural hormone GLP-1, which regulates appetite, food intake, insulin production, and blood sugar levels:
• Enhances insulin release only when blood glucose levels are elevated.
• Suppresses glucagon secretion to reduce liver glucose production.
• Slows digestion to prolong satiety and reduce calorie intake
FDA Approval
Semaglutide was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017 under the brand name Ozempic for the management of type 2 diabetes. Subsequent approvals expanded its use for weight loss (Wegovy) and other conditions.
This medication is available only with a prescription and is typically combined with lifestyle changes like diet and exercise for optimal results.